The vane geometry may be involute, Archimedean spiral, or hybrid curves. Design Ī scroll compressor uses two interleaving scrolls to pump, compress or pressurize fluids such as liquids and gases. They were not commercially produced for room air conditioning until 1983 when Hitachi launched the world's first air conditioner with a hermetic scroll compressor. In 1981, Sanden began manufacturing the first commercially available scroll compressors for automobile air conditioners. The first practical scroll compressors did not appear on the market until after World War II, when higher-precision machine tools enabled their construction. However, the scroll expander engine could not overcome the machining hurdles of radial compliance inherent to achieving efficiency in scroll operation that would not be adequately addressed until the works of Niels Young in 1975. In the 1905 patent, Creux defines a co-orbiting or spinning reversible steam expander driven by a fixed radius crank on a single shaft. Creux invented the compressor as a rotary steam engine concept, but the metal casting technology of the period was not sufficiently advanced to construct a working prototype, since a scroll compressor demands very tight tolerances to function effectively. Léon Creux first patented a scroll compressor in 1905 in France and the US (Patent number 801182). History Animation of a spinning scroll compressor Many residential central heat pump and air conditioning systems and a few automotive air conditioning systems employ a scroll compressor instead of the more traditional rotary, reciprocating, and wobble-plate compressors.Ī scroll compressor operating in reverse is a scroll expander, and can generate mechanical work. It is used in air conditioning equipment, as an automobile supercharger (where it is known as a scroll-type supercharger) and as a vacuum pump. Mechanism of a scroll pump here two archimedean spirals Operation of a scroll compressorĪ scroll compressor (also called spiral compressor, scroll pump and scroll vacuum pump) is a device for compressing air or refrigerant.
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